Hydraulic turbine



Sept. 6, 1921. 1,641,155

E.-G ROSS ET AL HYDRAULIC TURBINE Filed Julylz. 1926 a This invention relates in general to im- Patented Sept. 6, 1927..

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EMIL (moss, or wnuvrnrosn, AND EDVTARD J. BBIKNERJ, or MfLwnUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNORS TO ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING con/realty; or I WAUKEE;

VIISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

HYDRAULIC TURBINE.

Application filed July 12,

provements in hydraulic machines, and relates more specifically to improvements in theconstruction and operation of actuating mechanism for controlling the flow relative to hydraulic turbine rotors or the like An object of theinvention isto provide new and useful improvements in the con struction and operation of flowv control mechanism for hydraulic turbines or the like. Another object of the invention isto provide simple and efficient means for preventing serious damage to turbine structure in cases of abnormal operation of such machines. A further object of the invention is to provide improved inlet guide vane actuating mechanism for hydraulic machines whereby entanglement and possible destruction of linkage is avoided in the event that a portion of such linkagebecomes broken. Still another object of the invention isto provide-improved. means whereby the operation of the shifting or adjusting ring for a series of guide vanes, is notmaterially affected by the destruction of the connecting elements between. one of the vanes and the ring. A further object of the invention is to provide simple and efiicient means for limiting the movement of the flow controlling guide vanes ofa hydraulic turbine or the like, when a portion of the normal actu- .ating mechanism thereof becomes ineifective.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention and of the operation of mechanisms constructed in accordance therewith, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts .in the several views. V Fig. 1 is a fragmentary central vertical section through the guide vane actuating mechanism of a hydraulic turbine of the Francis type. Fig. 2 'is a fragmentary part sectional topview of a portion of the guide vane actuating mechanism of the turbine illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a central vertical section through the connection between the two sections of one of the actuating arms for the guide vanes. I

The hydraulic turbine specifically illusvanes 4 are pivotally"supported. Each of the guide vanes 4 has a vertical pivot 6 ournaled 1n the cover 5, and each of the pivots 6 has a sectional actuating arm rigid-' ly attached to the upper extremity thereof.

As illustrated, each sectional actuating arm comprises an outer blfurcatedsection 7 and an inner section "8, the arm sections 7 8 being connected by means ofpins .9, 10. The

pins 10 have weakened portions 18 of reduced diameter as clearly shown in Fig. 3, whlie the pins 9 are of considerably stronger section throughout." The actuating or ad'- justing ring 12 is journaled upon the turbine casing concentrically of the axis of the rotor 2, and hastwo superimposed annular series of outwardly extending projections or. lugs 14 located between the successive inner ends of the actuating arm sections 8. Links 11 are pivotally connected at one end with the inner ends of the armsections 8 by means of pins 18, and have their opposite ends pivotallysconnected'to the lugs 14. of the ring 12 by means of pins 15. All of the pins 9,10,,18, 15 are freely vertically removable upon release of the retaining nuts at the lower extremities thereof, and these pins are freely accessible from the. exterior of the casing 55. Each ofv the outer arm sections 7- has a depending lug 16 formed to coact with adjacent spaced abutments 17 on thecasing 5, in order to limit the pivotal movement of the corresponding vane 1 in either direction. Y

During the normal operation of the turbine, fluid under pressure is admitted inwardly toward the rotor 2 from-the supply conduit 8 .past the. adjustable inlet guide vanes 4, and the, fluid thus admitted is eventually discharged from the rotor 2 in anaxialdirection tothe usual draft tube located belowf the unit. The guide 'vanes 4 may normally be simultaneously adjusted about theaxes of their pivots 6, to vary the inlet opening leading to the rotor 2 or to Iii) entirely cut oil? the flow, by means of a servo motor of ordinary construction cooperating with the revolvable adjusting ring 12. When the ring is shifted about the-rotor axis in either direction, motion is simultaneously transmitted to all of the guide vanes; 4 through the links 11, the sectional arms, the pivots 6, and the interconnecting pins, thereby causing the vanes 4 to assume any desired position of adjustment.

In case either the opening or the closing movement of one or more" of the guide vanes 4 is abnormally obstructed in any manner, the connectingpin 10 0f the vane so obstruc'ted will be sheared ofi' orbroken at the weakened portions 1 8', "thereby permitting unrestrained normal adjustment of the remaining vanes 4 of the series. When one of theshear pins 10 has been thus broken, the free swinging movement of the corresponding released guide vane l is limited by virtue of the engagement between the lug 16 thereof with the adjacent abutments 17 formed on the casing 5; The abutments 17 obviously function to limit undesirable free swinging movement of the vanes 4 in either direction as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and breakage of a pin 10 While the corresponding vane 4:is inopened position, will cause the vane'toimmediately assume closed position. i j i When one of the shear pins 10 becomes broken, it may be readily replaced without interrupting the normal operation of the turbine. By providing a pair of pins connecti-ng the arm sections 7, 8 breakage of one of the pins 10 will not permit the elements connecting the ring 12 with the pivots 6 of the disabled vane, to interfere in any manner with the normal operation of the adjacent vanes and with the movement of the actuating ring 12. The entire actuat-ing mechanism is readily accessible from the turbine pit and effectively protects the unit against serious damage in cases of abnormal functioning of one or more of the guide vanes 4.

It should b understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of consti'ucti'on and operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope" of the claims may occur to persons skilled inthe' art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Let- 1. In combination, a rotor, a movable vane for directing fluid relative" to said rotor, a sectional arm for actuating said vane, and a pair of connecting members uniting the sections of said arm, one of said members having a weaker c'ros's sectio'n than the 2,111 combination, arotor, a movable vane for directing fluid t wards said rotor, a sectional arm' for actuating said vane, and

a pair of pins connecting the sections or tor, a sectional arm for actuatingsaid vane,

and a pair of pins connecting the sections ofsaid arm, said pins being disposed in an arc concentric with the axis of movement of said vane.

4:. In combination, a' rotor, a movable vane for directing fluid towards said rotor, a' sectional arm for actuating said vane, a pair of pins connecting the sections of saida-rm, one of said pins having a' weakened section and both of said pins being disposed in an arc concentric witl'i'the axis of movement of said vane. a

In combination, a rotor, a casing for said rotor, a movable vane for directing fluid relative to said rotor, a sectional arm for actuating said vane, one section of said arm having a stop cooperable with said- .pi'nshaving a weaker cross section than the other. I

6'. In combination, a rotor, a casing for said rotor, a movable vane jour'iiaiedin said casing for directing fluid towards saidro tor, a sectional arm for actuating said vane, one section of said arm having astop cooperable with an abutment on said casing for limiting the movement of said vane, and a pair of pins connectingthe sections of said arm, one of'sa'id pins having a weaker cross section than the other.- v

7. In combination, a rotor, acasing for said rotor, amovable vane journaled in said casing for directing fluid towards said rotor, a sectional arm for actuating said vane, one section of said arm having stop cooperable with an abutment on said casing to limit the movement of said vane, an'da 9. In combination, a rotor,- a movable vane for directing fluid towards said otor, ase'ot'iona l arm for actuating said v a 6, an actuating ring rotatable about the axis of said rotor, means connecting. said ringiwith an" endo'f'sai'd arm, and a pair or pins conpair of pins connecting the sections of said arm, one of said pins having a weakened section and both of said pins being disposed.

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necting the sections of said arm between said arm end and the axis of movement of said Vane.

10. In combination, a rotor, a casing for said rotor, a movable vane journaled in said casing for directing fluid towards said rotor, a sectional arm having one end secured to said vane, an actuating ring for said arm, means connecting said ring and the opposite end of said arm, and a pair of pins connecting the sections of said arm intermediate its ends.

11. In combination, a rotor, a casing for said rotor, a movable vane journals-d in said casing for directing fluid towards said rotor, a sectional arm having one section secured to said vane, an actuating ring, means connecting said ring with the other of said EMIL GROSS. EDWARD J. BRIKNER. 

